Hypertension

Hypertension

Know it. Control It. Live Healthy

High blood pressure can be silent, but it can be dangerous. Get regular check-ups and take control of your heart health.

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What is Hypertension ?

Hypertension is a condition where the force of blood against your artery walls remains consistently high

Symptoms 

Causes

Risk & Complications

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How to prevent Hypertensions

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Treatment Options

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Regular monitoring

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FAQs (Frequently Asked Questions)

1. What is hypertension and why does it occur?

Hypertension, commonly known as high blood pressure, is a condition in which the force of blood against the artery walls remains consistently elevated. It can develop due to genetics, ageing, excessive salt intake, obesity, physical inactivity, stress, kidney problems, and certain medical conditions.

Hypertension is often called a silent condition because most people do not experience noticeable symptoms. However, severely elevated blood pressure may cause headaches, blurred vision, chest pain, dizziness, or breathlessness. Regular blood pressure monitoring is essential for early detection.

For most adults, normal blood pressure is below 120/80 mmHg. Blood pressure readings are generally classified as:

  • Normal: Below 120/80 mmHg.

  • Elevated: Systolic 120–129 and diastolic below 80 mmHg.

  • High blood pressure: 130/80 mmHg or higher under commonly used US guidelines.

Blood pressure categories may vary between clinical guidelines, and diagnosis should be based on properly measured, repeated readings.

Hypertension can often be effectively controlled through lifestyle modifications and appropriate medication. Some people may achieve normal readings with sustained lifestyle changes, but this does not necessarily mean the condition is permanently cured. Regular monitoring and medical guidance remain important.

Common risk factors include:

  • Family history of high blood pressure.

  • Excessive salt consumption.

  • Being overweight or obese.

  • Lack of physical activity.

  • Smoking and excessive alcohol consumption.

  • Chronic stress and poor sleep.

  • Increasing age.

Yes. Uncontrolled hypertension can damage blood vessels and increase the risk of heart attacks, heart failure, stroke, kidney disease, and vision problems. Early diagnosis and consistent treatment help reduce these complications.

People with hypertension should limit salt, processed foods, packaged snacks, pickles, papads, excessive fried foods, and foods high in saturated fats. A balanced diet rich in vegetables, fruits, whole grains, pulses, and low-fat dairy can help support healthy blood pressure.

The frequency depends on your blood pressure levels, medical history, and treatment plan. People diagnosed with hypertension may need regular home monitoring, especially when starting or changing medication. Follow your doctor’s recommended monitoring schedule.

Yes. Regular physical activity such as brisk walking, cycling, swimming, and yoga can help lower blood pressure. Aim for approximately 150 minutes of moderate-intensity physical activity per week, if medically appropriate. Consult your doctor before starting a new exercise programme.

If your blood pressure is consistently elevated, consult your doctor for evaluation and treatment. If a reading is above 180/120 mmHg, wait at least one minute and measure again. If it remains that high, seek immediate medical advice. If accompanied by chest pain, breathlessness, weakness, vision changes, or difficulty speaking, seek emergency medical care immediately.

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